Volume 79 (2024), 2
Original Articles
(Original title: Causes and Consequences of the Destruction of the Belief in the Attainability of Truth: Philosophical Reflections with a Historical Example)
Filozofia, 79 (2024), 2, 113 - 132.Abstract
The essay explains the necessity of mechanisms that maintain a certain homogeneity of beliefs in human societies that rely on cooperation and discusses several causes for the decline of contemporary societies’ belief in the attainability of truth and the reliability of science, one being the replacement of epistemology by the sociology of knowledge. It analyzes on… Read more
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(Original title: Normatívne konatívne fakty)
Filozofia, 79 (2024), 2, 133 - 149.Abstract
In the field of scientific debate on normativity today we can find two extreme positions of naturalists and normativists. For pure naturalists, there is no such thing as a normative fact. In this article, we analyze the bifurcated anatomy of the application of the perfect legal norm provision to demonstrate the nature of normative conative facts and to provide… Read more
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(Original title: Nesoulad mezi morfosyntaxí a sémantikou podmínkových souvětí)
Filozofia, 79 (2024), 2, 150 - 167.Abstract
The semantic analysis of conditional sentences does not entirely align with their morphosyntactic structure. I substantiate this hypothesis with instances from both Czech and English that extend beyond conventional textbook examples. I also highlight that logicians and philosophers often make terminological errors when they disregard the insights from linguistic… Read more
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(Original title: Evaluating Semantic Theories of Conditionals: Methodological Challenges)
Filozofia, 79 (2024), 2, 168 - 183.Abstract
The article identifies a number of methodological problems encountered in testing and evaluating semantic theories of conditional sentences. Based on the background of three important theories, Material Implication Theory, Stalnaker’s Theory, and Adams-Edgington’s Suppositional Theory, I show what kind of data and criteria these theories have been working with. The… Read more
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(Original title: Aristotelian Naturalism and the Imperfect Project of Normalizing Ethics)
Filozofia, 79 (2024), 2, 184 - 194.Abstract
In this paper, I claim that the project of recovering an “ethics of normality” not only consists of the attempt to return metaphysical concepts to their everyday meaning but also is dedicated to the goal of developing a theory of the ethically self-evident that ultimately leaves things as they are. In contrast to competing ethical theories of deontology and… Read more
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(Original title: Phenomenal Consciousness as an Evolutionary Invention: Explaining the Positive Function of Illusionism)
Filozofia, 79 (2024), 2, 195 - 211.Abstract
The article’s main objective is to analyse the positive aspect of illusionism and the so-called “illusion problem” that lies at its heart – the problem of explaining the origin and causes of the illusion of phenomenal consciousness. I argue that a key aspect of the illusion problem is explaining the function of the illusion of phenomenal consciousness. Some authors… Read more
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