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Abstrakt

Ideology and social psychology represent two different, though reciprocally closely connected levels of the reflection of social existence. Social psychology, in the case of a phantastic, distorted reflection of reality and its real relations appears in the shape of religious psychology. Religious psychology is an important component of religious consciousness. By religious psychology are meant the views, imaginations, feelings and tempers of the believers. The specificity of religious feelings, imaginations and tempers consists in the fact that they are not linked with irreal objects which themselves are creations of human phantasy, supported by characteristical social reality. The psychological aspects of religious habits, traditions and rites (cult) belong also to the field of religious psychology. Emotional and in general psychical moments were in an important extent co-participating in the origin of religion, and they still play an important role up to the present. Their scientific exploration, until now neglected by students of'Marxian religionistics, is an important prerequisite for a successful formation of the socialistic consciousness of the population. In the religious complex an important role is played by the component of cult. The great attention dedicated by the catholic church to the problem of cult is proved for example by the fact that the II. Vatican Council adopted the constitution of the holy liturgy; here we can clearly see the intention of catholic ideologists to strengthen the influence of Catholicism by a certain adaptation of religious rites to the mentality of present-day man.