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This article examines methodological aspects of researching the history of Slovak philosophy, especially during the Marxist-Leninist era, focusing on the work of Elena Várossová. It discusses the challenges and debates triggered by Marxist-Leninist philosophy in Slovakia, including Várossová’s rejection of some methodological principles and the resulting extensive discussions on philosophical-methodological approaches. The paper first examines dialectical materialism as a method, then Várossová's methodological foundations and criticisms. Finally, it examines her approach to the history of philosophy as a complex, contradictory process of discovery. Várossová critically evaluates dialectical materialism and argues for the inclusion of psychological and social human aspects in analysis.