Ročník 73 (2018), 6

Anti-essentialism is a consensus in biology. Nevertheless, attempts to restore essentialism not only in philosophy of science, but also in philosophy of biology have begun to appear in the past two-three decades. In this study, we compare two neoAristotelian concepts of biological essence: the concept of historical essences (Sýkora 1995) and the concept of… Čítať ďalej

The contribution´s focus is primarily on ontological and anthropological issues which appear in a new research field, namely synthetic biology. Since one of the objectives of the latter is creating new forms of life, it is the criteria for defining the ontological status of synthetically created organisms as well as for differentiating between complex living… Čítať ďalej

The article deals with the relationship between a neuro administrative device and personal autonomy. As a rule, neuro administrative devices are supposed to endanger personal autonomy. We indicate three functions of neuro administrative devices as related to personal autonomy. We argue that the automatization function of neuro administrative devices does not… Čítať ďalej

One of the John Locke´s most controversial claims is that we should not be held responsible for the deeds of which we genuinely have no recollection as performed. We are only responsible for the acts of which we are conscious. The reason behind is the assertion that the personal identity equals the identity of consciousness. This concept of person is the… Čítať ďalej

This paper deals with the distinction between two roles of a deductive argument in the communication: explanatory and suasive. The distinction was hinted out by Michael Dummett, in his The justification of deduction. The paper attempts to show various controversial consequences of the distinction. For example, there is a belief that, regarding the arguments used… Čítať ďalej