Volume 81 (2026), 2
Original Articles
(Original title: The Emergence of the Concept of Existence: Schelling and Kierkegaard)
Filozofia, 81 (2026), 2, 129 - 143.Abstract
In philosophy, the term ὑποκείμενον literally means “underlying thing,” which in Latin is “subiectus,” but in fact it means something which can predicate other things but cannot be a predicate of others, which in German philosophy corresponds to Schelling’s “Unbedingtes.” Contrary to the opinion of many interpreters, there is a very close link between German idealism… Read more
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(Original title: Object, System, and Culture: The Marburg Neo-Kantian Reception of Kant)
Filozofia, 81 (2026), 2, 144 - 157.Abstract
This paper argues that the Neo-Kantian reception of Kant’s concept of the object – particularly within the Marburg School – culminates in Ernst Cassirer’s Philosophy of Symbolic Forms as the legitimate completion of the critical project. It traces this development by showing how Hermann Cohen’s focus on the infinitesimal (dx) as an isolated unit of thought, together… Read more
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(Original title: A Dialectic of Tension: Anthropology, Action, and Freedom in Luigi Pareyson)
Filozofia, 81 (2026), 2, 158 - 170.Abstract
This paper explores Pareyson’s constant drive toward an ontological dimension, despite the presence of a “dialectic of tension” that shifts heterogeneously throughout his entire work. To support this thesis, we first demonstrate how his philosophy, while rooted in Gentile’s actualism, functions as a critique of Hegelianism, aligning itself with the tradition of… Read more
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(Original title: Bergson, Heidegger, and the Temporality of Immortality)
Filozofia, 81 (2026), 2, 171 - 185.Abstract
Many transhumanists hope near-future developments in various medical and engineering fields will eventually lead to the end of human mortality. There are numerous practical obstacles, moral conundrums, and conceptual issues here that must be addressed, but a more fundamental problem for visions of something approximating immortality concerns the enthusiasm for these… Read more
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(Original title: Logika a idealizácie)
Filozofia, 81 (2026), 2, 186 - 200.Abstract
The article examines the nature and functions of certain idealizations in logic. It compares them with idealizations that appear in theories and models of empirical sciences. Building on the work of Colyvan (2013) and Russell (2023), it shows in what sense idealizations of logic are deliberately accepted false statements. One source of the falsity of idealization… Read more
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(Original title: Between the Historical Region and the Central Europe of Novelists and Philosophers)
Filozofia, 81 (2026), 2, 201 - 214.Abstract
Following Jóhann Páll Árnason’s occasional distinction between the imaginative Central Europe of novelists and philosophers and the historical region of East-Central Europe, this article uses the example of this region to discuss the relationship between public debates (including essays and novels) about the past and professional historical discourse. It explains the… Read more
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(Original title: Pojem úplne holého indivídua a parciálny esencializmus jednotlivín)
Filozofia, 81 (2026), 2, 215 - 230.Abstract
In his works Pavel Tichý relied on the concept of the empirically bare individual, which was based on the denial of empirical omniscience. A critical discussion developed among his followers, in which various proposals were put forward: bare individuals do not exist; instead, they are a concept, a construct, or a property. In 1991, Robert Stalnaker, in his critique… Read more
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(Original title: K problému autonómie jednotlivca na pozadí utilitaristického charakteru Teórie spravodlivosti Johna Rawlsa)
Filozofia, 81 (2026), 2, 231 - 245.Abstract
Rawls’ concept of individual autonomy emphasizes rational decision-making in creating a just social order behind the veil of ignorance. Rawls considers the individual as a rational actor of the social contract and proceeds from a hypothetical construction, which is, however, empirically unverifiable. He does not take into account the complexity of human values, while… Read more
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