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Abstrakt

The paper, written on occasion of the 60th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution, investigates the stages of development of Marxism in the 20th century, the stages in which Lenin’s creative enrichment of Marxist philosophy dominates. In the introductory part the author points out that Lenin’s contribution is to beseen first of all in the enrichment of the theory of knowledge with the theory of reflection, further in the theory of the dictatorship of proletariat, of the leading role of the party and in his teaching of the role of people’s masses and of personality in history. The further part of the paper points out Lenin’s philosophical legacy in the creation of Soviet and other philosophers, and in the Academician L. Szántó’s creation in this country. In the final part the author confronts Leninism as Marxism of the 20th century with idealistic conceptions of the present. He pays attention first of all to the attempts of adversaries of Leninism at interpreting Lenin’s teaching as contradictory to Marx’s theory namely in the problems of man, humanism, personality, etc. He points out the inner connection of revisionism and contemporary antisocialist campaigns with this misinterpretation of Lenin’s legacy of ideas.