Ročník 41 (1986), 1

The author deals with the theory of the expanding universe and he analyzes its impact on a new conception of the relation of two basic principles of the materialist dialectics: the principle of material unity of the world and the principle of qualitatively different causes of the motion of matter.

The new conception presupposes that the concepts „material… Čítať ďalej

The paper presents some topical philosophical-methodological problems of the research of the cosmological singularity which is conceived as a specific form of the motion of matter on the physical level. The importance of the method of extrapolation and of modelling in elaborating of the concept of the singularity is substantiated, simultaneously the significant… Čítať ďalej

The general formulation of the cosmological principles runs as follows: the homogenity and isotropy of the metagalactic space means that there are no exclusive points or directions, on the contrary all points and direction have equal rights. It seems, however, that, first, there are no such points in space and time where gravitational or electromagnetic fields and… Čítať ďalej

In the paper the problem of existence of a special logic, inferring in languages with vague propositions, and of its character is examined. Different approaches to a solution of the problem from the modified classical logic as far as the fuzzy logic — are analyzed. The author shows the bases of the considered conceptions of the theory of vagueness, their… Čítať ďalej

In the paper the significant and close connection of contemporary mathematics and the dialectical-materialist method is pointed out. Correct understanding of the place of mathematics in scientific cognition — it does not belong either to natural or social sciences — requires deep elaboration of its philosophical, methodological and logical problems and the… Čítať ďalej

The solution of the paradox „Dichotomy“ by means of the sum of the infinite geometrical order inconsequently considers the division towards the end point. In the paradox the beginning of the motion is made problematic by the consequent division towards the starting point. Moreover the solution breaks the mathematical model, it confuses the demarcation of the order… Čítať ďalej

In the paper possibilities of modelling as a metod of the scientific research in biology are briefly summed up. This method is used also in solving concrete tasks for practice. It is cheap, quick and it allows for checking of more alternative possibilities of research than is the case with a real object. As a form of scientific prediction modelling makes it… Čítať ďalej

The paper examines methodological problems of quantification as a method of scientific cognition. The authors analyze quantitative methods in the experiment. They show that measure is a unifying factor of quality and quantity in view of the two categories. If a figure sign is added to a measure, the measure enters in this unifying function in a causal process… Čítať ďalej