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Abstrakt

In the paper the author shows that the contemporary evolutionary theory In biology belongs to those unique sciences which help directly develop dialectics as a theory of development. He discovers the genesis and philosophical-methodological foundations of contemporary antinomic conceptions of evolution — synthetic theory, evolution and nomogenesis. These conceptions differ substantially from each other by the interpretation of sources and factors of evolution, by apprehension of the determination and directions of development. Special attention is paid by the author to the question of role of disorganization in the change of the adaptating organization. Philosophical and biological importance of the substitution of the organism-centric style of thinking in the evolutionary theory by the populational one is analysed. In the end the author explains his opinion on the relation of categories of motion and development and he makes use of the material of the evolutionary theory to support the thesis on the inevitability of studying dialectics as a theory of development.