Ročník 64 (2009), 6

The paper deals with Antisthenes' account of language (logos) as well as with the role the logical paradoxes played in Antisthenes' thought. The author doesn't see Antisthenes' logical investigations as a part of the early Sophistic writings. Rather he tries to show the connection between Antisthenes using of the logic and Socratic ethics of taking care of the… Čítať ďalej

One of the central problems of Cicero’s De officiis is honestum and its relation to utile. In Cicero’s book III of De Officiis it gains an expressive form of the question: Are these concepts principally equal, or antinomic? Cicero holds that the conflict between them is only artificial. Humanitas always has to be the priority; acting against it destroys social… Čítať ďalej

There are several difficulties in understanding the concept of modal realism in our philosophical context. The author shows various types of modal realism as a theory. The analyses of the main theories of modal worlds and modal individuals show the problems of identity and identification as the fundamental questions. One of the key problems is the place of… Čítať ďalej

The paper deals with the ethical-moral dimension of Popper’s critical rationalism, which is the less analyzed aspect of his philosophy. Critical rationalism is not without assumptions. As a life attitude, it is actualized on the basis of one’s moral preferences based rather on assumptions than on critical reasonableness. Critical rationalism does not exclude… Čítať ďalej

The paper offers an examination of the patterns of philosophizing in Slovakia. In the author’s view, its predominating feature is its receptivity, i.e. accepting the particular streams and conceptions of European philosophy. However, not all forms of receptivity are to be judged as mere imitativeness or plagiarism. In spite of its receptiveness the philosophizing… Čítať ďalej

The writings of Martin Rakovský can be seen as a reflection of the problems, including political ones, of his time. His aim was also to offer an idea of a perfect ruler, who would bring peoples the peace and calm down the stormy events of the 16th century. The personal virtues of such a ruler should have been the guarantee of the welfare of all citizens. Given… Čítať ďalej

The paper focuses on the Enlightenment as an important object of the German tradition of philosophical-cultural researches and debates. It starts with an analysis of Kant’s model of Aufklärung, underlining its social dimension. In Hegel’s conception of the Enlightenment, the problem is approached critically and included in the process of the phenomenological-… Čítať ďalej

Kant’s denial of right of revolution has bewildered many Kant’s scholars. Kant sympathizes with French, American, and Irish revolutionaries. But in his Metaphysics of Morals he rejects the right of revolution. Apparently, his stance represents a tension or a contradiction. Kant believes that a legitimate government should be based on the consent of the citizens.… Čítať ďalej